{"id":186,"date":"2024-11-14T15:31:31","date_gmt":"2024-11-14T15:31:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.id.org.ge\/?page_id=186"},"modified":"2024-11-24T05:41:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-24T05:41:47","slug":"history","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/history\/","title":{"rendered":"\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.elementor-186 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f7995e6{--display:flex;}.elementor-186 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f72d89f{--display:flex;--min-height:253px;}.elementor-186 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f72d89f:not(.elementor-motion-effects-element-type-background), .elementor-186 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f72d89f > .elementor-motion-effects-container > .elementor-motion-effects-layer{background-image:url(\"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Fotolia-vacancies-2.jpg\");background-position:center 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elementor-element-1ff92e7 elementor-align-start elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"1ff92e7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"\/ka\/overview\/\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"jki jki-right-arrow-1\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u10db\u10d8\u10db\u10dd\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d5\u10d0<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-879f7c6 elementor-align-start elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-icon-list--layout-traditional elementor-list-item-link-full_width elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon-list\" data-id=\"879f7c6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon-list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"elementor-icon-list-items\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li class=\"elementor-icon-list-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-icon\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"jki jki-right-arrow-1\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-icon-list-text\">\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-22d9b37 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"22d9b37\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ab1f59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"6ab1f59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58e6282 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58e6282\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10db\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e3\u10d9\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 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\u201e\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d6\u10e6\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10e8\u10e2\u10d8\u201c(\u201eSouth Sea Bubble\u201c, 1700\u10ec.), \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db\u10e8\u10d8 \u10db\u10dd\u10f0\u10e7\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d1\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc \u10d3\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d5\u10dd\u10da\u10e3\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10ea\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8. \u10d6\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e6\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10d5\u10e1\u10d0\u10d3, \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10eb\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10d3 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0 1929 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10df\u10dd \u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2. \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10ea \u10d0\u10e6\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e8\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10dd\u10d3\u10d0. \u10db\u10d0\u10d2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10dd \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 1970\u2013\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e1\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10de\u10dd\u10d6\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd \u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e8\u10e8-\u10e8\u10d8 1980\u2013\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10e8\u10d8, \u10e0\u10e3\u10e1\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 1998 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d0 2008 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e1\u10dd\u10e4\u10da\u10d8\u10dd \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d8\u10d6\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8. \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d0\u10ee\u10e1\u10dd\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8 \u10d2\u10d0\u10ee\u10db\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d8.\u00a0<\/p><p><strong><b> \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10da\u10d4 \u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10d0<\/b><\/strong><\/p><p><strong>1600-\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8<\/strong>\u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8: \u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10dd\u10e1\u10d0\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10ed\u10dd\u10e1 (Court of Directors)\u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8\u10e2\u10e3\u10e2\u10d8, \u10e0\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10ea \u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10ea\u10d0\u10da\u10d9\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e5\u10dc\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10e4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d0 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd, \u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8)<\/p><p><strong>1776<\/strong>: \u10d0\u10d3\u10d0\u10db \u10e1\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u201e\u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d9\u10d5\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d0\u10da\u10ee\u10d7\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d8\u10db\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10e3\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10d4\u10d6\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1\u201c \u10d8\u10eb\u10da\u10d4\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d7\u10ee\u10d8\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u10e1 \u10e1\u10e3\u10e1\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10d4\u10ef\u10db\u10d4\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d9\u10d5\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1<\/p><p><strong>1844<\/strong>: \u10e8\u10d4\u10d8\u10e5\u10db\u10dc\u10d0 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d0\u10e5\u10ea\u10d8\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d6\u10dd\u10d2\u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd)<\/p><p><strong>1931<\/strong>: \u10d0\u10d3\u10dd\u10da\u10e4 \u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d4 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8\u10dc\u10d4\u10e0 \u10db\u10d8\u10dc\u10e1\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10dc \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc \u10dc\u10d0\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10e1 \u201e\u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d5\u10d4 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10d4\u10e0\u10eb\u10dd \u10e1\u10d0\u10d9\u10e3\u10d7\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0\u201c (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8)<\/p><p><strong>1933\/34<\/strong>: 1933 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 \u10ec\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10dd\u10d0\u10d3\u10d2\u10d4\u10dc\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10e1, \u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10ea \u10d0\u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10e0\u10d8\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d0\u10e0\u10e1, \u10db\u10d0\u10d7 \u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10ec\u10d4\u10e1\u10e1. 1934 \u10ec\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e6\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10e0\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1 (U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission [SEC]), (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8)<\/p><p><strong>1968<\/strong>: \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d8\u10e6\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d5\u10d0\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1<\/p><p><strong>1987<\/strong>: \u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d5\u10d4\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u201c \u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10e6\u10da\u10d8\u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d7\u10ee\u10d5\u10d4\u10d5\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4, \u10d0\u10db\u10e2\u10d9\u10d8\u10ea\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e3\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10e2\u10e3\u10e1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d0\u10e7\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e9\u10d0\u10e0\u10e9\u10dd\u2013\u10e1\u10e2\u10e0\u10e3\u10e5\u10e2\u10e3\u10e0\u10d0\u10e1 (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8)<\/p><p><strong>1990: \u10ec\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10e1\u10d0\u10ec\u10e7\u10d8\u10e1\u10d8: \u201e\u10de\u10dd\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10d4\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u201c (1.3 \u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10e0\u10d3\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8), \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10d9\u10e0\u10d4\u10d3\u10d8\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d4\u10e0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1 (BCCI)\u10d3\u10d0 \u201e\u10db\u10d0\u10e5\u10e1\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u201c (480\u10db\u10d8\u10da\u10d8\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e4\u10e3\u10dc\u10e2\u10d8 \u10e1\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d2\u10d8) \u10d1\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1\u2013\u10d8\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10e0\u10d0\u10ee\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10db\u10d3\u10d2\u10dd\u10db \u10d0\u10e8\u10d9\u10d0\u10e0\u10d0 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10d8\u10dc\u10d5\u10d4\u10e1\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0\u10ea\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d8\u10d6\u10dc\u10d8\u10d7 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10e3\u10db\u10ef\u10dd\u10d1\u10d4\u10e1\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10de\u10e0\u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8\u10d9\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ed\u10d8\u10e0\u10dd\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd)<\/strong>: Polly Peck (\u00a31.3bn. in losses), BCCI and Maxwell (\u00a3480m) business empires collapse, calling for improved corporate governance practices to protect investors (U.K.)<\/p><p><strong>1992<\/strong>: \u10e5\u10d4\u10d3\u10d1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10e2\u10d4\u10e2\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10d9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10e1 \u10d3\u10d0 1993 \u10ec\u10d4\u10da\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e0\u10df\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 \u10d5\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10dc\u10d8 \u10ee\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc, \u10d2\u10d0\u10d0\u10db\u10df\u10e6\u10d0\u10d5\u10dc\u10dd\u10dc \u10d8\u10dc\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1, \u201e\u10d3\u10d0\u10d4\u10db\u10dd\u10e0\u10e9\u10d8\u10da\u10d4 \u10d0\u10dc \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10d4\u201c \u10db\u10d4\u10d7\u10dd\u10d3\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e3\u10eb\u10d5\u10d4\u10da\u10d6\u10d4 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd);<\/p><p><strong>1994<\/strong>: \u10d9\u10d8\u10dc\u10d2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10ee\u10e0\u10d4\u10d7 \u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d8\u10d9\u10d0)<\/p><p><strong>1994, 1995<\/strong>: \u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 \u10e0\u10e3\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e4\u10d8\u10dc\u10d0\u10dc\u10e1\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dd\u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10d4), \u10d2\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10d1\u10d4\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10d6\u10e6\u10d0\u10e3\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1) \u10d3\u10d0 \u10f0\u10d0\u10db\u10de\u10d4\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 (\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1) \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd)<\/p><p><strong>1995<\/strong>: \u10d5\u10d8\u10d4\u10dc\u10dd\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10e1\u10d0\u10e4\u10e0\u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d4\u10d7\u10d8)<\/p><p><strong>1996<\/strong>: \u10de\u10d4\u10e2\u10d4\u10e0\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10dc\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4\u10e0\u10da\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8)<\/p><p><strong>1998<\/strong>: \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10d1\u10d8\u10dc\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd)<\/p><p><strong>1999<\/strong>: \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 (OECD) \u10d0\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10de\u10d8\u10e0\u10d5\u10d4\u10da \u10e1\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d0\u10e8\u10dd\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1\u10dd \u10e1\u10e2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10e0\u10e2\u10e1 \u2013 \u10d4\u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10dd\u10db\u10d8\u10d9\u10e3\u10e0\u10d8 \u10d7\u10d0\u10dc\u10d0\u10db\u10e8\u10e0\u10dd\u10db\u10da\u10dd\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d5\u10d8\u10d7\u10d0\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10dd\u10e0\u10d2\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d6\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u201e\u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10de\u10e0\u10d8\u10dc\u10ea\u10d8\u10de\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u201c<\/p><p><strong>1999<\/strong>: \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d7\u10e3\u10e0\u10dc\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d8\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10dc\u10e2\u10e0\u10dd\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10da\u10db\u10eb\u10e6\u10d5\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10da\u10dd (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd)<\/p><p><strong>2001<\/strong>: \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d0 \u10d4\u10dc\u10e0\u10dd\u10dc\u10d8, \u10d8\u10db \u10d3\u10e0\u10dd\u10d8\u10e1\u10d0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e8\u10e8-\u10e8\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d3\u10d8\u10d7 \u10db\u10d4\u10e8\u10d5\u10d8\u10d3\u10d4 \u10e1\u10d0\u10ef\u10d0\u10e0\u10dd \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0, \u10d0\u10ea\u10ee\u10d0\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10d9\u10dd\u10e2\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8)<\/p><p><strong>2001<\/strong>: \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10da\u10d0\u10db\u10e4\u10d0\u10da\u10e3\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e4\u10d0\u10e1\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8 \u10e5\u10d0\u10e6\u10d0\u10da\u10d3\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d1\u10d0\u10d6\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10d2\u10e3\u10da\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 (\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8)<\/p><p><strong>2002<\/strong>: \u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10ea\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10d5\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10d3\u10d4\u10e5\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d2\u10d4\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d0)<\/p><p><strong>2002<\/strong>Enron-\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d9\u10dd\u10da\u10d0\u10e4\u10e1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d3\u10d0 \u10e1\u10ee\u10d5\u10d0 \u10d9\u10dd\u10e0\u10de\u10dd\u10e0\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e3\u10da\u10db\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10db\u10d0 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10d8\u10ec\u10d5\u10d8\u10d0 \u10e1\u10d0\u10e0\u10d1\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10e1-\u10dd\u10e5\u10e1\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10e5\u10e2\u10d8 (\u10d0\u10e8\u10e8); \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0 \u10d6\u10d0\u10db\u10d7\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10de\u10d0\u10e8\u10d8 \u10d9\u10dd\u10db\u10de\u10d0\u10dc\u10d8\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d0\u10e0\u10d7\u10da\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e0\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd\u10e0\u10db\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 (EU)<\/p><p><strong>2003<\/strong>: \u10d0\u10e0\u10d0\u10d0\u10e6\u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e0\u10e3\u10da\u10d4\u10d1\u10d4\u10da\u10d8 \u10d3\u10d8\u10e0\u10d4\u10e5\u10e2\u10dd\u10e0\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10e1\u10d0\u10ee\u10d4\u10d1 \u10f0\u10d8\u10d2\u10e1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d0\u10dc\u10d2\u10d0\u10e0\u10d8\u10e8\u10d8\u10e1 \u10d2\u10d0\u10db\u10dd\u10e5\u10d5\u10d4\u10e7\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10d0 (\u10d2\u10d0\u10d4\u10e0\u10d7\u10d8\u10d0\u10dc\u10d4\u10d1\u10e3\u10da\u10d8 \u10e1\u10d0\u10db\u10d4\u10e4\u10dd)<\/p><p><strong>2004<\/strong>: \u10de\u10d0\u10e0\u10db\u10d0\u10da\u10d0\u10e2\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e1\u10d9\u10d0\u10dc\u10d3\u10d0\u10da\u10d8 \u10d0\u10e0\u10e7\u10d4\u10d5\u10e1 \u10d8\u10e2\u10d0\u10da\u10d8\u10d0\u10e1, \u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8\u10e1 \u10db\u10d0\u10e1\u10e8\u10e2\u10d0\u10d1\u10d8\u10e1 \u10e8\u10d4\u10d3\u10d4\u10d2\u10d4\u10d1\u10d8\u10d7 (\u10d4\u10d5\u10e0\u10dd\u10d9\u10d0\u10d5\u10e8\u10d8\u10e0\u10d8)<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>See also Overview History History Corporate governance systems have evolved over centuries, often in response to corporate failures or systemic crises. The first well-documented failure of governance was the South Sea Bubble in the 1700s, which revolutionized business laws and practices in England. Similarly, much of the securities law in the U.S. was put in [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-186","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=186"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1216,"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/186\/revisions\/1216"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/id.org.ge\/ka\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=186"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}